Glucagon

Specialist

also —

What it isGlucagon is a hormone produced by pancreatic alpha cells that opposes insulin — it raises blood sugar by signaling the liver to release stored glucose and make new glucose.

DoesMaintains blood glucose during fasting and exercise.

GoodA mid-range glucagon signals balanced fuel-sensing physiology.

BadInappropriately high glucagon contributes to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. Very high glucagon suggests rare glucagonoma.

Standard

50–150 pg/mL.

Optimal

70–130 pg/mL (narrow target)

Modifiers

Rises during fasting, hypoglycemia, and exercise.

How to optimize

Lifestyle: Resistance training; manage insulin resistance.
Diet: Adequate protein and fiber; low-glycemic eating.
Supplements: —
Peptides: GLP-1 agonists indirectly modulate glucagon by suppressing inappropriate elevation.
Drugs: GLP-1 agonists, GLP-1/GIP combination drugs (tirzepatide) suppress inappropriate glucagon. --

within Blood Sugar & Metabolic