Anion Gap

What it isA calculation that subtracts the major measured anions (chloride and bicarbonate) from the major measured cations (sodium and sometimes potassium). The difference represents unmeasured anions like lactate, ketones, and phosphates.

DoesIdentifies metabolic acidosis from accumulation of organic acids.

GoodA normal anion gap signals balanced acid-base status.

BadA wide anion gap signals lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, kidney failure, or toxic ingestions — generally an emergency.